1. A piping run consists of 37 ft of 4 in. diameter straight pipe, three short -radius elbows, two wide - open gate valves, and one wide - open globe valve. What total equivalent length of straight pipe is used to calculate head loss?

2. Go around your house or college, look for water pipelines. Identify the valves and fittings. Try to find the nominal pipe size(approximate ) based on your observation. Calculate the pressure drop involved between any two points including fittings for a given flow rate.